Class Hours: 8:00 am – 9:40 am (Monday/Wednesday)

SECOND SEMESTER

(04/19-04/23)

Topic: Anaerobic Respiration

Standard: HS-LS1-2, HS-LS2-2, HS-LS2-7 (Unifying Themes of Biology)

Objectives (Students will be able to understand that):

  1. Anaerobic respiration takes place when there is too little oxygen for aerobic respiration to take place.
  2. Anaerobic respiration involves the conversion of fuel molecules, such as glucose, into energy.
  3. During fermentation, glycolysis is the only energy extraction pathway that takes place.
  4. Lactic acid fermentation takes place when the heart and lungs are unable to supply enough oxygen to meet the body’s energy demand.
  5. In lactic acid fermentation, 2 lactates are produced.
  6. In yeast, alcohol fermentation takes place when oxygen levels are low.
  7. In alcohol fermentation, 2 ethanol molecules are produced.   
  8. In total, only 2 ATP are produced from anaerobic pathways like fermentation.

Homework 1: Study Snail/Elodia Lab

(04/12-04/15)

Topic: Cellular Respiration

Standard: HS-LS1-2, HS-LS2-2, HS-LS2-7 (Unifying Themes of Biology)

Objectives (Students will be able to understand that):

  1. Aerobic cellular respiration is a biochemical pathway made up of 4 series of reactions: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
  2. Glycolysis is a reaction that converts glucose into 2 pyruvates.
  3. Pyruvate oxidation is a reaction that converts each pyruvate into Acetyl CoA.
  4. The citric acid cycle is a reaction that completes the breakdown of glucose and fuels the production of ATP.
  5. Oxidative phosphorylation is a reaction that uses energy carrying molecules produced in the citric acid cycle to mass produce ATP.
  6. In total, 36 ATP are produced by aerobic cellular respiration.

Homework 1: In-Class Drawing Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration

Homework 2: Lesson 7.1 Micro Lab

(04/05-04/08)

Topic: Cellular Respiration

Standard: HS-LS1-2, HS-LS2-2, HS-LS2-7 (Unifying Themes of Biology)

Objectives (Students will be able to understand that):

  1. Energy is the capacity to move or change matter.
  2. Cellular respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic molecules, such as glucose.
  3. ATP is the primary energy carrying molecule used by cells to fuel their cellular processes.
  4. ATP is composed of an adenine base, ribose sugar, and 3 phosphate (PO4) groups.
  5. The 3 phosphate groups within ATP are commonly referred to as Pi.
  6. Phosphorylation refers to the chemical reactions that make ATP by adding Pi to ADP.
  7. ADP is an energy carrying molecule that contains 2 phosphate groups.
  8. Enzymes help break and reform PO4 bonds in a process called substrate-level phosphorylation.
  9. Cellular respiration takes place within mitochondria.
  10. NAD+ is an electron carrier that becomes NADH as it takes on 1 hydrogen and 2 electrons.
  11. FAD is an electron carrier that becomes FADH2 as it takes on 2 hydrogens and 2 electrons.

Homework 1: Student Notes for Lesson 7.2

(03/29-04/01)

Topic: Cellular Respiration

Standard: HS-LS1-2, HS-LS2-2, HS-LS2-7 (Unifying Themes of Biology)

Objectives (Students will be able to understand that):

  1. Energy is the capacity to move or change matter.
  2. Cellular respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic molecules, such as glucose.
  3. ATP is the primary energy carrying molecule used by cells to fuel their cellular processes.
  4. ATP is composed of an adenine base, ribose sugar, and 3 phosphate (PO4) groups.
  5. The 3 phosphate groups within ATP are commonly referred to as Pi.
  6. Phosphorylation refers to the chemical reactions that make ATP by adding Pi to ADP.
  7. ADP is an energy carrying molecule that contains 2 phosphate groups.
  8. Enzymes help break and reform PO4 bonds in a process called substrate-level phosphorylation.
  9. Cellular respiration takes place within mitochondria.
  10. NAD+ is an electron carrier that becomes NADH as it takes on 1 hydrogen and 2 electrons.
  11. FAD is an electron carrier that becomes FADH2 as it takes on 2 hydrogens and 2 electrons.

Homework 1: Student Notes for Lesson 7.1

(03/22-03/25)

Topic: Photosynthesis

Standard: HS-LS1-2, HS-LS2-2, HS-LS2-7 (Unifying Themes of Biology)

Objectives (Students will be able to understand that):

  1. Once autotrophs acquire energy from the sun, it is stored in organic compounds, such as glucose, during a process called photosynthesis.
  2. A biochemical pathway is a series of reactions where the product of one reaction is the reactant of the next.
  3. Chloroplasts are double membrane organelles with an inner membrane folded into disc-shaped sacs called thylakoids.
  4. Sunlight, or white light, is made of different wavelengths or colors carrying different amounts of energy.
  5. A pigment is a substance that only absorbs certain wavelengths.
  6. Chlorophyll, the most common pigment in plants and algae, only absorbs red, blue, or violet light.

Homework 1: Study the Unit 6 Study Guide